(1) Izitshalo eziningi zesihlabathi ezingapheli zinezimpande eziqinile ezandisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi esihlabathini.Ngokuvamile, izimpande zijulile futhi zibanzi izikhathi eziningi njengobude nobubanzi besitshalo.Izimpande eziphambanayo (izimpande ezisemaceleni) zingadlulela kude kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ngeke zendlaleke, kodwa zizosabalalisa futhi zikhule ngokulinganayo, ngeke zigxile endaweni eyodwa, futhi ngeke zimunce isihlabathi esimanzi kakhulu.Isibonelo, izitshalo ze-shrub yellow willow ngokuvamile zingamamitha angu-2 kuphela ubude, futhi izimpande zazo zingangena emhlabathini oyisihlabathi ekujuleni okungamamitha angu-3.5, kuyilapho izimpande zazo ezivundlile zinganwebeka ngamamitha angu-20 kuya kwangu-30.Ngisho noma ungqimba lwezimpande ezivundlile luvezwa ngenxa yokuguguleka komoya, akufanele lujule kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho sonke isitshalo sizofa.Umfanekiso we-13 ubonisa ukuthi izimpande ezisemaceleni zomnyezane ophuzi otshalwe unyaka owodwa kuphela zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-11.
(2) Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumuncwa kwamanzi futhi kuncishiswe indawo yokuphefumula, amaqabunga ezitshalo eziningi ashwabana kakhulu, abe njengenduku noma abe yisipikili, noma angabi namaqabunga, futhi asebenzise amagatsha ukwenza i-photosynthesis.I-haloxylon ayinawo amaqabunga futhi igaywe amagatsha aluhlaza, ngakho ibizwa ngokuthi "isihlahla esingenamaqabunga".Ezinye izitshalo azinawo amacembe amancane nje kuphela kodwa zinezimbali ezincane, njengeTamarix (Tamarix).Kwezinye izitshalo, ukuze kuvinjwe ukuphefumula, amandla odonga lwamaseli e-epidermal eqabunga abe yi-lignified, i-cuticle iyaqina noma ingaphezulu leqabunga limbozwe ungqimba lwe-waxy nenani elikhulu lezinwele, kanye ne-stomata yezicubu zeqabunga. bavaleleke futhi bavinjwe kancane.
(3) Ubuso bamagatsha ezitshalo eziningi zesihlabathi buyoba mhlophe noma bucishe bube mhlophe ukuze bumelane nokukhanya kwelanga ehlobo futhi bagweme ukushiswa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lendawo yesihlabathi, njengeRhododendron.
(4) Izitshalo eziningi, ikhono eliqinile lokuhluma, ikhono eliqinile le-lateral branching, ikhono eliqinile lokumelana nomoya nesihlabathi, namandla aqinile okugcwalisa isihlabathi.I-Tamarix (i-Tamarix) ifana nalokhu: Embelwe esihlabathini, izimpande ezifikayo zisengakhula, futhi imiqumbe ingakhula ngamandla.I-Tamarix ekhula ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi eziphansi ivame ukuhlaselwa isihlabathi esimanzi, okwenza izihlahla ziqongelele isihlabathi ngokuqhubekayo.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yendima yezimpande ze-adventitious, i-Tamarix ingaqhubeka ikhula ngemva kokulala, ngakho-ke "i-tide ekhuphukayo iphakamisa zonke izikebhe" futhi yakha izihlahla ezinde (izikhwama zesihlabathi).
(5) Izitshalo eziningi zingama-succulents anosawoti omningi, akwazi ukumunca amanzi enhlabathini enosawoti omningi ukuze alondoloze ukuphila, njenge-Suaeda salsa ne-salt claw.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2023